The district heating systems are based on the principle centralized production of heat (or cold) is more efficient than production distributed across the points of consumption. So
thermal generation power plants made in that serve entire communities, whose size can range from a group of building neighborhoods and entire villages.
The performance of these systems is estimated to be 10% higher than centralized systems for building and 30-40% higher than the individual systems.
These thermal very different technologies can be used as are
- Conventional boilers based on combustion of fossil fuels or biomass . Central
- of cogeneration generating electricity and heat together using the energy surplus electricity generation process.
- solar thermal power plants that use solar energy.
- that use geothermal energy field.
heat (or cold) generated is distributed to points of consumption through a network of distribution pipes usually buried and insulated to prevent heat loss, there are also systems with open pipes. There is a circuit and a return trip.
distribution pipes
The piping material is usually copper, stainless steel or carbon steel, while the heat transfer fluid is usually water liquid or vapor.
In buildings heat applicants must provide a set of thermal substations in which they performed intercabio heat between the heat transfer fluid or primary and fluid transfer to the terminal points of consumption. These substations are also responsible for the accounting of energy consumed.
One of the best known is the steam system of the City of New York, currently operated by Consolidated Edison and carrying steam to heat or cool environments to more than 1 million customers.
In Spain there are several examples of district heating, particularly in Madrid, Esperanza Colony (about 3200 apartments of 110 m² on average), Barrio Altamira Orcasitas Plateau. It also highlights the power station of the campus, designed by architect Manuel Sánchez Arcas and engineer Eduardo Torroja, who was the National Architecture Prize in 1932. This plant serves many faculties of the University Complutense of Madrid.
0 comments:
Post a Comment